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1
210
The Fairy-Land of Science
·
Arabella B. Buckley
102
All
this
new
land
laid
down
in
Egypt,
in
India,
in
America,
and
in
other
places,
is
the
work
of
water.
Even
on
the
Thames
you
may
see
mud-banks,
as
at
Gravesend,
which
are
made
of
earth
brought
from
the
interior
of
England.
But
at
the
mouth
of
the
Thames
the
sea
washes
up
very
strongly
every
tide,
and
so
it
carries
most
of
the
mud
away
and
prevents
a
delta
growing
up
there.
If
you
will
look
about
when
you
are
at
the
seaside,
and
notice
wherever
a
stream
flows
down
into
the
sea,
you
may
even
see
little
miniature
deltas
being
formed
there,
though
the
sea
generally
washes
them
away
again
in
a
few
hours,
unless
the
place
is
well
sheltered.
This,
then,
is
what
becomes
of
the
earth
carried
down
by
rivers.
Either
on
plains,
or
in
lakes,
or
in
the
sea,
it
falls
down
to
form
new
land.
But
what
becomes
of
the
dissolved
chalk
and
other
substances?
We
have
seen
that
a
great
deal
of
it
is
used
by
river
and
sea
animals
to
build
their
shells
and
skeletons,
and
some
of
it
is
left
on
the
surface
of
the
ground
by
springs
when
the
water
evaporates.
It
is
this
carbonate
of
lime
which
forms
a
hard
crust
over
anything
upon
which
it
may
happen
to
be
deposited,
and
then
these
things
are
called
"petrified."
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