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1
210
The Fairy-Land of Science
·
Arabella B. Buckley
105
Fig.
28
is
a
sketch
on
the
shores
of
Arbroath
which
I
made
some
years
ago.
You
will
not
find
it
difficult
to
picture
to
yourselves
how
the
sea
has
eaten
away
these
cliffs
till
some
of
the
strongest
pieces
which
have
resisted
the
waves
stand
out
by
themselves
in
the
sea.
That
cave
in
the
left-hand
corner
ends
in
a
narrow
dark
passage
from
which
you
come
out
on
the
other
side
of
the
rocks
into
another
bay.
Such
caves
as
these
are
made
chiefly
by
the
force
of
the
waves
and
the
air,
bringing
down
pieces
of
rock
from
under
the
cliff
and
so
making
a
cavity,
and
then
as
the
waves
roll
these
pieces
over
and
over
and
grind
them
against
the
sides,
the
hole
is
made
larger.
There
are
many
places
on
the
English
coast
where
large
pieces
of
the
road
are
destroyed
by
the
crumbling
down
of
cliffs
when
they
have
been
undermined
by
caverns
such
as
these.
Thus,
you
see,
the
whole
of
the
beautiful
scenery
of
the
sea
-
the
shores,
the
steep
cliffs,
the
quiet
bays,
the
creeks
and
caverns
-
are
all
the
work
of
the
"sculptor"
water;
and
he
works
best
where
the
rocks
are
hardest,
for
there
they
offer
him
a
good
stout
wall
to
batter,
whereas
in
places
where
the
ground
is
soft
it
washes
down
into
a
gradual
gentle
slope,
and
so
the
waves
come
flowing
smoothly
in
and
have
no
power
to
eat
away
the
shore.
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