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165
The Aeroplane Speaks. Fifth Edition
·
H. Barber
121
HOW
TO
DIAGNOSE
FAULTS
IN
FLIGHT,
STABILITY,
AND
CONTROL.
DIRECTIONAL
STABILITY
will
be
badly
affected
if
there
is
more
drift
(i.e.,
resistance)
on
one
side
of
the
aeroplane
than
there
is
on
the
other
side.
The
aeroplane
will
tend
to
turn
towards
the
side
having
the
most
drift.
This
may
be
caused
as
follows:
1.
The
angle
of
incidence
of
the
main
surface
or
the
tail
surface
may
be
wrong.
The
greater
the
angle
of
incidence,
the
greater
the
drift.
The
less
the
angle,
the
less
the
drift.
2.
If
the
alignment
of
the
fuselage,
fin
in
front
of
the
rudder,
the
struts
or
stream-line
wires,
or,
in
the
case
of
the
Maurice
Farman,
the
front
outriggers,
are
not
absolutely
correct--that
is
to
say,
if
they
are
turned
a
little
to
the
left
or
to
the
right
instead
of
being
in
line
with
the
direction
of
flight--then
they
will
act
as
a
rudder
and
cause
the
aeroplane
to
turn
off
its
course.
3.
If
any
part
of
the
surface
is
distorted,
it
will
cause
the
aeroplane
to
turn
off
its
course.
The
surface
is
cambered,
i.e.,
curved,
to
pass
through
the
air
with
the
least
possible
drift.
If,
owing
perhaps
to
the
leading
edge,
spars,
or
trailing
edge
becoming
bent,
the
curvature
is
spoiled,
that
will
result
in
changing
the
amount
of
drift
on
one
side
of
the
aeroplane,
which
will
then
have
a
tendency
to
turn
off
its
course.
LATERAL
INSTABILITY
(FLYING
ONE
WING
DOWN).--The
only
possible
reason
for
such
a
condition
is
a
difference
in
the
lifts
of
right
and
left
wings.
That
may
be
caused
as
follows:
Marker
Marker
Fine marker
White-out
Fine white-out
Circle
Paint
Unmarker
Hand
Scalpel
Dice
Sieve
Purify
Undo
Redo
Start over
