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165
The Aeroplane Speaks. Fifth Edition
·
H. Barber
123
3.
The
fuselage
may
have
become
warped
upward
or
downward,
thus
giving
the
tail-plane
an
incorrect
angle
of
incidence.
If
it
has
too
much
angle,
it
will
lift
too
much,
and
the
aeroplane
will
be
"nose-heavy."
If
it
has
too
little
angle,
then
it
will
not
lift
enough,
and
the
aeroplane
will
be
"tail-heavy."
4.
(The
least
likely
reason.)
The
tail-plane
may
be
mounted
upon
the
fuselage
at
a
wrong
angle
of
incidence,
in
which
case
it
must
be
corrected.
If
nose-heavy,
it
should
be
given
a
smaller
angle
of
incidence.
If
tail-heavy,
it
should
be
given
a
larger
angle;
but
care
should
be
taken
not
to
give
it
too
great
an
angle,
because
the
longitudinal
stability
entirely
depends
upon
the
tail-plane
being
set
at
a
much
smaller
angle
of
incidence
than
is
the
main
surface,
and
if
that
difference
is
decreased
too
much,
the
aeroplane
will
become
uncontrollable
longitudinally.
Sometimes
the
tail-plane
is
mounted
on
the
aeroplane
at
the
same
angle
as
the
main
surface,
but
it
actually
engages
the
air
at
a
lesser
angle,
owing
to
the
air
being
deflected
downwards
by
the
main
surface.
There
is
then,
in
effect,
a
longitudinal
dihedral
as
explained
and
illustrated
in
Chapter
I.
CLIMBS
BADLY.--Such
a
condition
is,
apart
from
engine
or
propeller
trouble,
probably
due
to
(1)
distorted
surfaces,
or
(2)
too
small
an
angle
of
incidence.
FLIGHT
SPEED
POOR.--Such
a
condition
is,
apart
from
engine
or
propeller
trouble,
probably
due
to
(1)
distorted
surfaces,
(2)
too
great
an
angle
of
incidence,
or
(3)
dirt
or
mud,
and
consequently
excessive
skin-friction.
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