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210
The Fairy-Land of Science
·
Arabella B. Buckley
137
When
a
seed
falls
into
the
ground,
so
long
as
the
earth
is
cold
and
dry,
it
lies
like
a
person
in
a
trance,
as
if
it
were
dead;
but
as
soon
as
the
warm,
damp
spring
comes,
and
the
busy
little
sun-waves
pierce
down
into
the
earth,
they
wake
up
the
plantlet
and
make
it
bestir
itself.
They
agitate
to
and
fro
the
particles
of
matter
in
this
tiny
body,
and
cause
them
to
seek
out
for
other
particles
to
seize
and
join
to
themselves.
But
these
new
particles
cannot
come
in
at
the
roots,
for
the
seed
has
none;
nor
through
the
leaves,
for
they
have
not
yet
grown
up;
and
so
the
plantlet
begins
by
helping
itself
to
the
store
of
food
laid
up
in
the
thick
seed-leaves
in
which
it
is
buried.
Here
it
finds
starch,
oils,
sugar,
and
substances
called
albuminoids,
--
the
sticky
matter
which
you
notice
in
wheat-grains
when
you
chew
them
is
one
of
the
albuminoids.
This
food
is
all
ready
for
the
plantlet
to
use,
and
it
sucks
it
in,
and
works
itself
into
a
young
plant
with
tiny
roots
at
one
end,
and
a
growing
shoot,
with
leaves,
at
the
other.
But
how
does
it
grow?
What
makes
it
become
larger?
To
answer
this
you
must
look
at
the
second
thing
I
asked
you
to
bring
-
a
piece
of
orange.
If
you
take
the
skin
off
a
piece
of
orange,
you
will
see
inside
a
number
of
long-shaped
transparent
bags,
full
of
juice.
These
we
call
cells,
and
the
flesh
of
all
plants
and
animals
is
made
up
of
cells
like
these,
only
of
various
shapes.
In
the
pith
of
elder
they
are
round,
large,
and
easily
seen
(a,
Fig.
39);
in
the
stalks
of
plants
they
are
long,
and
lap
over
each
other
(b,
Fig.
39),
so
as
to
give
the
stalk
strength
to
stand
upright.
Sometimes
many
cells
growing
one
on
the
top
of
the
other
break
into
one
tube
and
make
vessels.
But
whether
large
or
small,
they
are
all
bags
growing
one
against
the
other.
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