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210
The Fairy-Land of Science
·
Arabella B. Buckley
138
In
the
orange-pulp
these
cells
contain
only
sweet
juice,
but
in
other
parts
of
the
orange-tree
or
any
other
plant
they
contain
a
sticky
substance
with
little
grains
in
it.
This
substance
is
called
"protoplasm,"
or
the
first
form
of
life,
for
it
is
alive
and
active,
and
under
a
microscope
you
may
see
in
a
living
plant
streams
of
the
little
grains
moving
about
in
the
cells.
Now
we
are
prepared
to
explain
how
our
plant
grows.
Imagine
the
tiny
primrose
plantlet
to
be
made
up
of
cells
filled
with
active
living
protoplasm,
which
drinks
in
starch
and
other
food
from
the
seed-leaves.
In
this
way
each
cell
will
grow
too
full
for
its
skin,
and
then
the
protoplasm
divides
into
two
parts
and
builds
up
a
wall
between
them,
and
so
one
cell
becomes
two.
Each
of
these
two
cells
again
breaks
up
into
two
more,
and
so
the
plant
grows
larger
and
larger,
till
by
the
time
it
has
used
up
all
the
food
in
the
seed-leaves,
it
has
sent
roots
covered
with
fine
hairs
downwards
into
the
earth,
and
a
shoot
with
beginnings
of
leaves
up
into
the
air.
Sometimes
the
seed-leaves
themselves
come
above
the
ground,
as
in
the
mustard-plant,
and
sometimes
they
are
left
empty
behind,
while
the
plantlet
shoots
through
them.
And
now
the
plant
can
no
longer
afford
to
be
idle
and
live
on
prepared
food.
It
must
work
for
itself.
Until
now
it
has
been
taking
in
the
same
kind
of
food
that
you
and
I
do;
for
we
too
find
many
seeds
very
pleasant
to
eat
and
useful
to
nourish
us.
But
now
this
store
is
exhausted.
Upon
what
then
is
the
plant
to
live?
It
is
cleverer
than
we
are
in
this,
for
while
we
cannot
live
unless
we
have
food
which
has
once
been
alive,
plants
can
feed
upon
gases
and
water
and
mineral
matter
only.
Think
over
the
substances
you
can
eat
or
drink,
and
you
will
find
they
are
nearly
all
made
of
things
which
have
been
alive:
meat,
vegetables,
bread,
beer,
wine,
milk;
all
these
are
made
from
living
matter,
and
though
you
do
take
in
such
things
as
water
and
salt,
and
even
iron
and
phosphorus,
these
would
be
quite
useless
if
you
did
not
eat
and
drink
prepared
food
which
your
body
can
work
into
living
matter.
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