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165
The Aeroplane Speaks. Fifth Edition
·
H. Barber
147
=Pancake,
to=--To
"stall."
=Plane=--This
term
is
often
applied
to
a
lifting
surface.
Such
application
is
not
quite
correct,
since
"plane"
indicates
a
flat
surface,
and
the
lifting
surfaces
are
always
cambered.
=Propeller=--See
"Air-Screw."
=Propeller,
Tractor=--An
air-screw
mounted
in
front
of
the
main
lifting
surface.
=Propeller,
Pusher=--An
air-screw
mounted
behind
the
main
lifting
surface.
=Pusher=--An
aeroplane
of
which
the
propeller
is
mounted
behind
the
main
lifting
surface.
=Pylon=--Any
V-shaped
construction
from
the
point
of
which
wires
are
taken.
=Power=--Rate
of
working.
[21]
=Power,
Horse=--One
horse-power
represents
a
force
sufficient
to
raise
33,000
lb.
1
foot
in
a
minute.
=Power,
Indicated
Horse=--The
I.H.P.
of
an
engine
is
a
measure
of
the
rate
at
which
work
is
done
by
the
pressure
upon
the
piston
or
pistons,
as
distinct
from
the
rate
at
which
the
engine
does
work.
The
latter
is
usually
termed
"brake
horse-power,"
since
it
may
be
measured
by
an
absorption
brake.
=Power,
Margin
of=--The
available
quantity
of
power
above
that
necessary
to
maintain
horizontal
flight
at
the
optimum
angle.
=Pitot
Tube=--A
form
of
air-speed
indicator
consisting
of
a
tube
with
open
end
facing
the
wind,
which,
combined
with
a
static
pressure
or
suction
tube,
is
used
in
conjunction
with
a
gauge
for
measuring
air
pressures
or
velocities.
(No.
1
in
diagram.)
=Pitch,
Propeller=--The
distance
a
propeller
advances
during
one
revolution
supposing
the
air
to
be
solid.
=Pitch,
to=--To
plunge
nose-down.
=Reaction=--A
force,
equal
and
opposite
to
the
force
of
the
action
producing
it.
=Rudder=--A
controlling
surface,
usually
hinged
to
the
tail,
the
operation
of
which
turns
an
aeroplane
about
an
axis
which
is
vertical
in
normal
horizontal
flight;
causes
an
aeroplane
to
turn
to
left
or
right
of
the
pilot.
[22]
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