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271
The Folk-lore of Plants
·
T. F. Thiselton-Dyer
148
Some
plants,
such
as
flea-bane
and
wolf's-bane,
refer
to
the
reputed
property
of
the
plant
to
keep
off
or
injure
the
animal
named,[5]
and
there
is
a
long
list
of
plants
which
derived
their
names
from
their
real
or
imaginary
medicinal
virtues,
many
of
which
illustrate
the
old
doctrine
of
signatures.
Birds,
again,
like
animals,
have
suggested
various
names,
and
among
some
of
the
best-known
ones
may
be
mentioned
the
goose-foot,
goose-grass,
goose-tongue.
Shakespeare
speaks
of
cuckoo-buds,
and
there
is
cuckoo's-head,
cuckoo-flower,
and
cuckoo-fruit,
besides
the
stork's-bill
and
crane's-bill.
Bees
are
not
without
their
contingent
of
names;
a
popular
name
of
the
Delphinium
grandiflorum
being
the
bee-larkspur,
"from
the
resemblance
of
the
petals,
which
are
studded
with
yellow
hairs,
to
the
humble-bee
whose
head
is
buried
in
the
recesses
of
the
flower."
There
is
the
bee-flower
(Ophrys
apifera),
because
the,
"lip
is
in
form
and
colour
so
like
a
bee,
that
any
one
unacquainted
therewith
would
take
it
for
a
living
bee
sucking
of
the
flower."
In
addition
to
the
various
classes
of
names
already
mentioned,
there
are
a
rich
and
very
varied
assortment
found
in
most
counties
throughout
the
country,
many
of
which
have
originated
in
the
most
amusing
and
eccentric
way.
Thus
"butter
and
eggs"
and
"eggs
and
bacon"
are
applied
to
several
plants,
from
the
two
shades
of
yellow
in
the
flower,
and
butter-churn
to
the
Nuphar
luteum,
from
the
shape
of
the
fruit.
A
popular
term
for
Nepeta
glechoma
is
"hen
and
chickens,"
and
"cocks
and
hens"
for
the
Plantago
lanceolata.
A
Gloucestershire
nickname
for
the
Plantago
media
is
fire-leaves,
and
the
hearts'-ease
has
been
honoured
with
all
sorts
of
romantic
names,
such
as
"kiss
me
behind
the
garden
gate;"
and
"none
so
pretty"
is
one
of
the
popular
names
of
the
saxifrage.
Among
the
names
of
the
Arum
may
be
noticed
"parson
in
the
pulpit,"
"cows
and
calves,"
"lords
and
ladies,"
and
"wake-robin."
The
potato
has
a
variety
of
names,
such
as
leather-jackets,
blue-eyes,
and
red-eyes.
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