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177
The Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry
·
M. M. Pattison Muir
84
The
alchemists
were
very
fond
of
using
the
names
of
animals
as
symbols
of
certain
mineral
substances,
and
of
representing
operations
in
the
laboratory
by
what
may
be
called
animal
allegories.
The
yellow
lion
was
the
alchemical
symbol
of
yellow
sulphides,
the
red
lion
was
synonymous
with
cinnabar,
and
the
green
lion
meant
salts
of
iron
and
of
copper.
Black
sulphides
were
called
eagles,
and
sometimes
crows.
When
black
sulphide
of
mercury
is
strongly
heated,
a
red
sublimate
is
obtained,
which
has
the
same
composition
as
the
black
compound;
if
the
temperature
is
not
kept
very
high,
but
little
of
the
red
sulphide
is
produced;
the
alchemists
directed
to
urge
the
fire,
"else
the
black
crows
will
go
back
to
the
nest."
[Illustration:
A
salamander
lives
in
the
fire,
which
imparts
to
it
a
most
glorious
hue.
This
is
the
reiteration,
gradation,
and
amelioration
of
the
Tincture,
or
Philosopher's
Stone;
and
the
whole
is
called
its
Augmentation.
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