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165
The Aeroplane Speaks. Fifth Edition
·
H. Barber
91
In
order
to
secure
all
the
above
described
advantages,
a
combination
is
sometimes
effected,
thus:
BANKING.--An
aeroplane
turned
off
its
course
to
right
or
left
does
not
at
once
proceed
along
its
new
course.
Its
momentum
in
the
direction
of
its
first
course
causes
it
to
travel
along
a
line
the
resultant
of
such
momentum
and
the
thrust.
In
other
words,
it
more
or
less
skids
sideways
and
away
from
the
centre
of
the
turn.
Its
lifting
surfaces
do
not
then
meet
the
air
in
their
correct
attitude,
and
the
lift
may
fall
to
such
an
extent
as
to
become
less
than
the
weight,
in
which
case
the
aeroplane
must
fall.
This
bad
effect
is
minimized
by
"banking,"
i.e.,
tilting
the
aeroplane
sideways.
The
bottom
of
the
lifting
surface
is
in
that
way
opposed
to
the
air
through
which
it
is
moving
in
the
direction
of
the
momentum
and
receives
an
opposite
air
pressure.
The
rarefied
area
over
the
top
of
the
surface
is
rendered
still
more
rare,
and
this,
of
course,
assists
the
air
pressure
in
opposing
the
momentum.
The
velocity
of
the
"skid,"
or
sideways
movement,
is
then
only
such
as
is
necessary
to
secure
an
air
pressure
equal
and
opposite
to
the
centrifugal
force
of
the
turn.
The
sharper
the
turn,
the
greater
the
effect
of
the
centrifugal
force,
and
therefore
the
steeper
should
be
the
"bank."
Experientia
docet.
The
position
of
the
centre
of
gravity
affects
banking.
A
low
C.G.
will
tend
to
swing
outward
from
the
centre
of
the
turn,
and
will
cause
the
aeroplane
to
bank--perhaps
too
much,
in
which
case
the
pilot
must
remedy
matters
by
operating
the
ailerons.
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