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210
The Fairy-Land of Science
·
Arabella B. Buckley
99
But
even
this
chasm
cut
by
the
falls
of
Niagara
is
nothing
compared
with
the
canyons
of
Colarado.
Canyon
is
a
Spanish
word
for
a
rocky
gorge,
and
these
gorges
are
indeed
so
grand,
that
if
we
had
not
seen
in
other
places
what
water
can
do,
we
should
never
have
been
able
to
believe
that
it
could
have
cut
out
these
gigantic
chasms.
For
more
than
three
hundred
miles
the
River
Colorado,
coming
down
from
the
Rocky
Mountains,
has
eaten
its
way
through
a
country
made
of
granite
and
hard
beds
of
limestone
and
sandstone,
and
it
has
cut
down
straight
through
these
rocks,
leaving
walls
from
half-a-mile
to
a
mile
high,
standing
straight
up
from
it.
The
cliffs
of
the
Great
Canyon,
as
it
is
called,
stretch
up
for
more
than
a
mile
above
the
river
which
flows
in
the
gorge
below!
Fancy
yourselves
for
a
moment
in
a
boat
on
this
river,
as
shown
in
Figure
27,
and
looking
up
at
these
gigantic
walls
of
rock
towering
above
you.
Even
half-way
up
them,
a
man,
if
he
could
get
there,
would
be
so
small
you
could
not
see
him
without
a
telescope;
while
the
opening
at
the
top
between
the
two
walls
would
seem
so
narrow
at
such
an
immense
distance
that
the
sky
above
would
have
the
appearance
of
nothing
more
than
a
narrow
streak
of
blue.
Yet
these
huge
chasms
have
not
been
made
by
any
violent
breaking
apart
of
the
rocks
or
convulsion
of
an
earthquake.
No,
they
have
been
gradually,
silently,
and
steadily
cut
through
by
the
river
which
now
glides
quietly
in
the
wider
chasms,
or
rushes
rapidly
through
the
narrow
gorges
at
their
feet.
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