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[PAPER MADE OF COTTON RAGS A.D. 1000.] 214. Hints upon Spelling The following rules will be found of great assistance in writing, because they relate to a class of words about the spelling of which doubt and hesitation are frequently felt: i. All words of one syllable ending in l, with a single vowel before it, have double l at the close; as, mill, sell. ii. All words of one syllable ending in l, with a double vowel before it, have one l only at the close: as, mail, sail. iii. Words of one syllable ending in l, when compounded, retain but one l each; as, fulfil, skilful. iv. Words of more than one syllable ending in l have one l only at the close; as, delightful, faithful; except befall, downfall, recall, unwell, &c. v. All derivatives from words ending in l have one l only; as, equality, from equal; fulness, from full; except they end in er or ly; as, mill, miller; full, fully. vi. All participles in ing from verbs ending in e lose the e final; as have, having; amuse, amusing; unless they come from verbs ending in double e, and then they retain, both; as, see, seeing; agree, agreeing. vii. All adverbs in ly and nouns in ment retain the e final of the primitives; as, brave, bravely; refine, refinement; except acknowledgment, judgment, &c. viii. All derivatives from words ending in er retain the e before the r; as, refer, reference; except hindrance, from hinder; remembrance from remember; disastrous from disaster; monstrous from monster; wondrous from wonder; cumbrous from cumber, &c.