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707. Valerian Valerian is a powerful antispasmodic, tonic, and excitant, acting chiefly on the nervous centres. Used internally, it is employed in hysteria, nervous languors, and spasmodic complaints generally. It is useful in low fevers. Doses of various preparations.--Powder, from ten grains to half a drachm, three or four times a day; tincture, from two to four drachms; ammoniated tincture, from one to two drachms; infusion, from two to three ounces, or more. 708. Peruvian Bark Bark, or, as it is commonly called, Peruvian bark, is an antispasmodic, tonic, astringent, and stomachic. Used externally, it is an excellent detergent for foul ulcers, and those that heal slowly. Used internally, it is particularly valuable in intermittent fever or ague, malignant measles, dysentery, diarrhoea, intermittent rheumatism, St. Vitus's dance, indigestion, nervous affections, malignant sore throat, and erysipelas; its use being indicated in all cases of debility. Doses of its preparations.--Powder, from five grains to two drachms, mixed in wine, water, milk, syrup, or solution of liquorice; infusion, from one to three ounces; decoction, from one to three ounces; tincture and compound tincture, each from one to three drachms. Caution.--If it causes oppression at the stomach, combine it with an aromatic; if it causes vomiting, give it in wine or soda water; if it purges, give opium; and if it constipates give rhubarb. 709. Sulphuric Ether Sulphuric Ether is given internally as an antispasmodic in difficult breathing and spasmodic asthma; also in hysteria, cramp of the stomach, hiccough, locked jaw, and cholera. It is useful in checking sea-sickness.