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Sialogogues are medicines which promote the flow of saliva or spittle, such as salt, calomel, &c. 901. Soporifics Soporifics are medicines which induce sleep, such as hops, &c. 902. Stimulants Stimulants are remedies which increase the action of the heart and arteries, or the energy of the part to which they are applied, such as food, wine, spirits, ether, sassafras, which is an internal stimulant, and savine, which is an external one. 903. Stomachics Stomachics restore the tone of the stomach, such as gentian, &c. 904. Styptics Styptics are medicines which constrict the surface of a part, and prevent the effusion of blood, such as kino, Friar's balsam, extract of lead, and ice. 905. Sudorifics Sudorifics promote profuse perspiration or sweating, such as ipecacuanha, antimony, James's powder, ammonia. 906. Tonics Tonics give general strength to the constitution, restore the natural energies, and improve the tone of the system, such as all the vegetable bitters, most of the minerals, also some kinds of food, wine, and beer. 907. Vesicants Vesicants are medicines which blister, such as strong liquid ammonia, &c. 908. Special Rules for the Prevention of Cholera. i. It is impossible to urge too strongly the necessity, in all cases of cholera, of instant recourse to medical aid, and also in every form and variety of indisposition; for all disorders are found to merge in the dominant disease. ii. Let immediate Relief be sought under disorder of the bowels especially, however slight. The invasion of cholera may thus be readily prevented.